Colors Encyclopedia

Named color

Midnight Blue

Midnight Blue color #191970: RGB 25, 25, 112 and HSL 240°, 64%, 27%. Explore its cool blue profile, contrast, CSS, palettes and harmonies.

#191970 blue cool darkjewel-tone
HEX #191970
RGB rgb(25, 25, 112)
HSL hsl(240 64% 27%)
CMYK cmyk(78, 78, 0, 56)
Luminance 0.0207
Contrast Black 1.41:1White 14.85:1

Use this color

Create with Midnight Blue

Open a professional color tool with #191970 already applied. Each configuration stays canonical to the tool and can be adjusted or shared.

All color tools
Generate palette & CSS variablesCreate 50–950 tokens and export CSS, SCSS, JSON, or Tailwind.Open configured tool →Open in Gradient StudioStart with Midnight Blue and its complementary color.Open configured tool →Mix this colorBlend it with a complementary color and copy color-mix() CSS.Open configured tool →Check contrastOpen the strongest black or white background pairing.Open configured tool →Accessible combinationsReview AA and AAA text options, alternatives, warnings, and UI guidance.Open configured tool →Create glass surfaceUse this color as the tint for a translucent UI panel.Open configured tool →

CSS Utilities

--color-midnight-blue: #191970;
.bg-midnight-blue { background-color: #191970; }
.text-midnight-blue { color: #191970; }
Open CSS utility pageReusable variables, classes, examples, and implementation notes

Color history, meaning and use · Editorially reviewed

About Midnight Blue Color

Midnight blue is defined in ordinary language as a deep blackish blue, with documented English use dating to the early nineteenth century. Its name depends on perception and metaphor: a night sky is not a flat painted sample, and atmospheric conditions, light pollution, and adaptation all change what an observer sees.

The web platform removes that ambiguity for code: CSS defines midnightblue as #191970, the exact value used on this page. It offers more chromatic depth than black while retaining a low-luminance character useful for dark themes and dramatic backgrounds. Light text still needs explicit contrast testing, especially in muted, disabled, and translucent states.

This is the standardized CSS named-color value, not a measurement of the night sky, a paint formula, textile specification, or universal visual match.

WCAG Accessibility

Contrast checks for Midnight Blue against black and white text.

Black text1.41:1AA Fail
White text14.85:1AA Pass
AA text options#FFFFFF, #F5F5F5
AAA text options#FFFFFF, #F5F5F5
Open WCAG pageDetailed contrast notes, warnings, alternatives, and UI examples

Downloadable color reference infographic

Midnight Blue Color Reference Infographic

Save a high-resolution infographic of Midnight Blue, including its color values, coordinated palette, and black and white text contrast.

1200 × 800
Midnight Blue color reference infographic showing #191970, RGB and HSL values, a coordinated palette, and black and white text contrast.
Midnight Blue color reference infographic generated from the verified Colors Encyclopedia dataset.
Download WebPDownload SVGOpen full size

Color Harmonies

#717119#717119#194571#194571#451971#451971#711919#711919#197119#197119
Open full Midnight Blue harmony pageComplementary, analogous, triadic, tetradic, split, and monochromatic sets

Variants

#2929BC#2929BC#080826#080826#0A0A80#0A0A80#282862#282862#4949C1#4949C1#0000B3#0000B3

Pairings

White#FFFFFF#717119#717119#194571#194571#451971#451971Matte Black#1A1A1AWhite Smoke#F5F5F5

Machine-readable data

Machine-Readable Color Data (JSON)

Perfect for CSS, design systems, automation, and AI ingestion.

AI-Ready Dataset v1.0.0
Luminance0.0207
Black text1.41:1AA Fail
White text14.85:1AA Pass
hexCanonical HEX value
rgbRed, green, blue channels
hslHue, saturation, lightness
cmykApproximate print conversion
wcagAA and AAA contrast options
harmoniesMathematical harmony sets
variantsGenerated tone variants
nearestColorsKnowledge graph neighbors
Download JSON Open API
Structured sections
Color systems
{
  "hex": "#191970",
  "rgb": [
    25,
    25,
    112
  ],
  "hsl": [
    240,
    64,
    27
  ],
  "cmyk": [
    78,
    78,
    0,
    56
  ],
  "luminance": 0.0207,
  "contrast": {
    "black": 1.41,
    "white": 14.85
  }
}
WCAG
{
  "AA": [
    "#FFFFFF",
    "#F5F5F5"
  ],
  "AAA": [
    "#FFFFFF",
    "#F5F5F5"
  ]
}
Harmonies
{
  "complementary": "#717119",
  "analogous": [
    "#194571",
    "#451971"
  ],
  "triadic": [
    "#711919",
    "#197119"
  ],
  "tetradic": [
    "#711945",
    "#717119",
    "#197145"
  ],
  "splitComplementary": [
    "#714519",
    "#457119"
  ],
  "monochromatic": [
    "#2929BC",
    "#191970",
    "#080826"
  ]
}
Variants
{
  "light": "#2929BC",
  "dark": "#080826",
  "saturated": "#0A0A80",
  "desaturated": "#282862",
  "pastel": "#4949C1",
  "neon": "#0000B3"
}
Pairings
{
  "best": [
    "#FFFFFF",
    "#717119",
    "#194571",
    "#451971"
  ],
  "avoid": [
    "#282862",
    "#2929BC"
  ],
  "neutral": [
    "#1A1A1A",
    "#F5F5F5",
    "#E8E8E4"
  ],
  "highContrast": [
    "#FFFFFF"
  ],
  "lowContrast": [
    "#2929BC",
    "#282862"
  ]
}
Knowledge graph
{
  "nearestColors": [
    "sapphire-deep",
    "ultramarine",
    "navy",
    "navy-blue",
    "dark-blue"
  ],
  "generatedPalettes": [
    "midnight-blue"
  ],
  "generatedComparisons": [
    "midnight-blue-vs-sapphire-deep",
    "midnight-blue-vs-ultramarine",
    "navy-blue-vs-midnight-blue"
  ],
  "relatedFamilies": [
    "/colors/by-family/blue",
    "/colors/by-temperature/cool",
    "/colors/by-tone/dark",
    "/colors/by-tone/jewel-tone"
  ],
  "relatedTools": [
    "/harmonies/midnight-blue",
    "/wcag/midnight-blue",
    "/css/colors/midnight-blue",
    "/hex/191970",
    "/tools/css-gradient-generator",
    "/tools/color-palette-generator",
    "/tools/css-color-mixer",
    "/tools/contrast-checker"
  ],
  "semanticRelations": {
    "broader": [
      "/colors/by-family/blue",
      "/colors/by-temperature/cool",
      "/colors/by-tone/dark",
      "/colors/by-tone/jewel-tone"
    ],
    "narrower": [
      "/palettes/midnight-blue"
    ],
    "related": [
      "/colors/sapphire-deep",
      "/colors/ultramarine",
      "/colors/navy",
      "/colors/navy-blue",
      "/colors/dark-blue",
      "/compare/midnight-blue-vs-sapphire-deep",
      "/compare/midnight-blue-vs-ultramarine",
      "/compare/navy-blue-vs-midnight-blue",
      "/harmonies/midnight-blue",
      "/wcag/midnight-blue",
      "/css/colors/midnight-blue",
      "/hex/191970",
      "/tools/css-gradient-generator",
      "/tools/color-palette-generator",
      "/tools/css-color-mixer",
      "/tools/contrast-checker"
    ]
  }
}
Full JSON dataset 
{
  "slug": "midnight-blue",
  "name": "Midnight Blue",
  "hex": "#191970",
  "family": "blue",
  "temperature": "cool",
  "tone": [
    "dark",
    "jewel-tone"
  ],
  "uses": [
    "luxury branding",
    "night themes",
    "editorial design"
  ],
  "psychology": {
    "associations": [
      "depth",
      "focus",
      "mystery"
    ],
    "contexts": [
      "premium interfaces",
      "evening event design"
    ],
    "avoidIn": [
      "lightweight wellness palettes"
    ]
  },
  "aliases": [],
  "sourceType": "standard",
  "confidence": "high",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.w3.org/TR/css-color-4/#named-colors",
  "reviewStatus": "auto",
  "editorialNotes": "Generated from CSS named color data and computed color-system properties.",
  "origin": {
    "type": "css",
    "notes": "Standard CSS named color."
  },
  "tags": [
    "blue",
    "cool",
    "dark",
    "jewel-tone",
    "luxury-branding",
    "night-themes",
    "editorial-design",
    "depth",
    "focus",
    "mystery"
  ],
  "popularity": 69,
  "rgb": [
    25,
    25,
    112
  ],
  "hsl": [
    240,
    64,
    27
  ],
  "cmyk": [
    78,
    78,
    0,
    56
  ],
  "luminance": 0.0207,
  "contrast": {
    "black": 1.41,
    "white": 14.85
  },
  "harmonies": {
    "complementary": "#717119",
    "analogous": [
      "#194571",
      "#451971"
    ],
    "triadic": [
      "#711919",
      "#197119"
    ],
    "tetradic": [
      "#711945",
      "#717119",
      "#197145"
    ],
    "splitComplementary": [
      "#714519",
      "#457119"
    ],
    "monochromatic": [
      "#2929BC",
      "#191970",
      "#080826"
    ]
  },
  "variants": {
    "light": "#2929BC",
    "dark": "#080826",
    "saturated": "#0A0A80",
    "desaturated": "#282862",
    "pastel": "#4949C1",
    "neon": "#0000B3"
  },
  "wcag": {
    "AA": [
      "#FFFFFF",
      "#F5F5F5"
    ],
    "AAA": [
      "#FFFFFF",
      "#F5F5F5"
    ]
  },
  "css": {
    "variable": "--color-midnight-blue: #191970;",
    "utility": ".bg-midnight-blue { background-color: #191970; }",
    "textUtility": ".text-midnight-blue { color: #191970; }"
  },
  "nearestColors": [
    "sapphire-deep",
    "ultramarine",
    "navy",
    "navy-blue",
    "dark-blue"
  ],
  "generatedPalettes": [
    "midnight-blue"
  ],
  "generatedComparisons": [
    "midnight-blue-vs-sapphire-deep",
    "midnight-blue-vs-ultramarine",
    "navy-blue-vs-midnight-blue"
  ],
  "relatedFamilies": [
    "/colors/by-family/blue",
    "/colors/by-temperature/cool",
    "/colors/by-tone/dark",
    "/colors/by-tone/jewel-tone"
  ],
  "relatedTools": [
    "/harmonies/midnight-blue",
    "/wcag/midnight-blue",
    "/css/colors/midnight-blue",
    "/hex/191970",
    "/tools/css-gradient-generator",
    "/tools/color-palette-generator",
    "/tools/css-color-mixer",
    "/tools/contrast-checker"
  ],
  "semanticRelations": {
    "broader": [
      "/colors/by-family/blue",
      "/colors/by-temperature/cool",
      "/colors/by-tone/dark",
      "/colors/by-tone/jewel-tone"
    ],
    "narrower": [
      "/palettes/midnight-blue"
    ],
    "related": [
      "/colors/sapphire-deep",
      "/colors/ultramarine",
      "/colors/navy",
      "/colors/navy-blue",
      "/colors/dark-blue",
      "/compare/midnight-blue-vs-sapphire-deep",
      "/compare/midnight-blue-vs-ultramarine",
      "/compare/navy-blue-vs-midnight-blue",
      "/harmonies/midnight-blue",
      "/wcag/midnight-blue",
      "/css/colors/midnight-blue",
      "/hex/191970",
      "/tools/css-gradient-generator",
      "/tools/color-palette-generator",
      "/tools/css-color-mixer",
      "/tools/contrast-checker"
    ]
  },
  "pairings": {
    "best": [
      "#FFFFFF",
      "#717119",
      "#194571",
      "#451971"
    ],
    "avoid": [
      "#282862",
      "#2929BC"
    ],
    "neutral": [
      "#1A1A1A",
      "#F5F5F5",
      "#E8E8E4"
    ],
    "highContrast": [
      "#FFFFFF"
    ],
    "lowContrast": [
      "#2929BC",
      "#282862"
    ]
  }
}
Dataset manifest Version 1.0.0 Build hash published in manifest Canonical page

Similar Colors

Sapphire Deep#082567
Ultramarine#120A8F
Navy#000080
Navy Blue#000080
Dark Blue#00008B

Related Color Guides

Blue color familyBrowse named blue colors and compare nearby swatches.Cool colorsExplore colors with cool temperature behavior.Dark colorsFind colors with dark visual character.Jewel Tone colorsFind colors with jewel tone visual character.Midnight Blue accessibilityCheck contrast and WCAG text options for #191970.Midnight Blue CSS utilitiesUse Midnight Blue in CSS variables and utility classes.#191970 HEX atlasOpen the permanent HEX atlas record for conversions and variants.Midnight Blue paletteOpen the generated palette based on Midnight Blue.Midnight Blue harmoniesExplore complementary, analogous, triadic, and tetradic harmonies.