Named color

Brown

Brown is a balanced red color with HEX #A52A2A. According to Colors Encyclopedia, it has RGB 165, 42, 42, HSL 0, 59%, 41%, warm temperature, and is useful for web design, CSS color systems, and UI prototyping.

#A52A2A red warm balanced

HEX #A52A2A

RGB rgb(165, 42, 42)

HSL hsl(0 59% 41%)

CMYK cmyk(0, 75, 75, 35)

Luminance 0.0982

Contrast Black 2.96:1White 7.09:1

CSS Utilities

--color-brown: #A52A2A;
.bg-brown { background-color: #A52A2A; }
.text-brown { color: #A52A2A; }

Open CSS utility pageReusable variables, classes, examples, and implementation notes

Luminance0.0982

Black text2.96:1AA Fail

White text7.09:1AA Pass

hexCanonical HEX value

rgbRed, green, blue channels

hslHue, saturation, lightness

cmykApproximate print conversion

wcagAA and AAA contrast options

harmoniesMathematical harmony sets

variantsGenerated tone variants

nearestColorsKnowledge graph neighbors

Structured sections

Color systems

{
  "hex": "#A52A2A",
  "rgb": [
    165,
    42,
    42
  ],
  "hsl": [
    0,
    59,
    41
  ],
  "cmyk": [
    0,
    75,
    75,
    35
  ],
  "luminance": 0.0982,
  "contrast": {
    "black": 2.96,
    "white": 7.09
  }
}

WCAG

{
  "AA": [
    "#FFFFFF",
    "#F5F5F5"
  ],
  "AAA": [
    "#FFFFFF"
  ]
}

Harmonies

{
  "complementary": "#2BA6A6",
  "analogous": [
    "#A62B69",
    "#A6692B"
  ],
  "triadic": [
    "#2BA62B",
    "#2B2BA6"
  ],
  "tetradic": [
    "#69A62B",
    "#2BA6A6",
    "#692BA6"
  ],
  "splitComplementary": [
    "#2BA669",
    "#2B69A6"
  ],
  "monochromatic": [
    "#D45959",
    "#A52A2A",
    "#5D1818"
  ]
}

Variants

{
  "light": "#D45959",
  "dark": "#5D1818",
  "saturated": "#BD1414",
  "desaturated": "#8F4242",
  "pastel": "#CE8282",
  "neon": "#FA0000"
}

Pairings

{
  "best": [
    "#FFFFFF",
    "#2BA6A6",
    "#A62B69",
    "#A6692B"
  ],
  "avoid": [
    "#8F4242",
    "#D45959"
  ],
  "neutral": [
    "#1A1A1A",
    "#F5F5F5",
    "#E8E8E4"
  ],
  "highContrast": [
    "#FFFFFF"
  ],
  "lowContrast": [
    "#D45959",
    "#8F4242"
  ]
}

Knowledge graph

{
  "nearestColors": [
    "firebrick",
    "tool-red",
    "brick-red",
    "burnt-umber",
    "ruby-red"
  ],
  "generatedPalettes": [
    "brown"
  ],
  "generatedComparisons": [
    "brown-vs-firebrick",
    "brown-vs-tool-red"
  ],
  "relatedFamilies": [
    "/colors/by-family/red",
    "/colors/by-temperature/warm",
    "/colors/by-tone/balanced"
  ],
  "relatedTools": [
    "/harmonies/brown",
    "/wcag/brown",
    "/css/colors/brown",
    "/hex/a52a2a"
  ],
  "semanticRelations": {
    "broader": [
      "/colors/by-family/red",
      "/colors/by-temperature/warm",
      "/colors/by-tone/balanced"
    ],
    "narrower": [
      "/palettes/brown"
    ],
    "related": [
      "/colors/firebrick",
      "/colors/tool-red",
      "/colors/brick-red",
      "/colors/burnt-umber",
      "/colors/ruby-red",
      "/compare/brown-vs-firebrick",
      "/compare/brown-vs-tool-red",
      "/harmonies/brown",
      "/wcag/brown",
      "/css/colors/brown",
      "/hex/a52a2a"
    ]
  }
}

Full JSON dataset

{
  "slug": "brown",
  "name": "Brown",
  "cssName": "brown",
  "hex": "#A52A2A",
  "family": "red",
  "temperature": "warm",
  "tone": [
    "balanced"
  ],
  "uses": [
    "web design",
    "CSS color systems",
    "UI prototyping"
  ],
  "psychology": {
    "associations": [
      "context dependent"
    ],
    "contexts": [
      "web interfaces",
      "design systems",
      "technical color references"
    ],
    "avoidIn": [
      "claims that require brand or cultural specificity"
    ]
  },
  "aliases": [
    "brown"
  ],
  "sourceType": "standard",
  "confidence": "high",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.w3.org/TR/css-color-4/#named-colors",
  "origin": {
    "type": "css",
    "notes": "Standard CSS named color."
  },
  "reviewStatus": "auto",
  "editorialNotes": "Generated from CSS named color data and computed color-system properties.",
  "tags": [
    "red",
    "warm",
    "balanced",
    "web-design",
    "css-color-systems",
    "ui-prototyping",
    "context-dependent"
  ],
  "popularity": 63,
  "rgb": [
    165,
    42,
    42
  ],
  "hsl": [
    0,
    59,
    41
  ],
  "cmyk": [
    0,
    75,
    75,
    35
  ],
  "luminance": 0.0982,
  "contrast": {
    "black": 2.96,
    "white": 7.09
  },
  "harmonies": {
    "complementary": "#2BA6A6",
    "analogous": [
      "#A62B69",
      "#A6692B"
    ],
    "triadic": [
      "#2BA62B",
      "#2B2BA6"
    ],
    "tetradic": [
      "#69A62B",
      "#2BA6A6",
      "#692BA6"
    ],
    "splitComplementary": [
      "#2BA669",
      "#2B69A6"
    ],
    "monochromatic": [
      "#D45959",
      "#A52A2A",
      "#5D1818"
    ]
  },
  "variants": {
    "light": "#D45959",
    "dark": "#5D1818",
    "saturated": "#BD1414",
    "desaturated": "#8F4242",
    "pastel": "#CE8282",
    "neon": "#FA0000"
  },
  "wcag": {
    "AA": [
      "#FFFFFF",
      "#F5F5F5"
    ],
    "AAA": [
      "#FFFFFF"
    ]
  },
  "css": {
    "variable": "--color-brown: #A52A2A;",
    "utility": ".bg-brown { background-color: #A52A2A; }",
    "textUtility": ".text-brown { color: #A52A2A; }"
  },
  "nearestColors": [
    "firebrick",
    "tool-red",
    "brick-red",
    "burnt-umber",
    "ruby-red"
  ],
  "generatedPalettes": [
    "brown"
  ],
  "generatedComparisons": [
    "brown-vs-firebrick",
    "brown-vs-tool-red"
  ],
  "relatedFamilies": [
    "/colors/by-family/red",
    "/colors/by-temperature/warm",
    "/colors/by-tone/balanced"
  ],
  "relatedTools": [
    "/harmonies/brown",
    "/wcag/brown",
    "/css/colors/brown",
    "/hex/a52a2a"
  ],
  "semanticRelations": {
    "broader": [
      "/colors/by-family/red",
      "/colors/by-temperature/warm",
      "/colors/by-tone/balanced"
    ],
    "narrower": [
      "/palettes/brown"
    ],
    "related": [
      "/colors/firebrick",
      "/colors/tool-red",
      "/colors/brick-red",
      "/colors/burnt-umber",
      "/colors/ruby-red",
      "/compare/brown-vs-firebrick",
      "/compare/brown-vs-tool-red",
      "/harmonies/brown",
      "/wcag/brown",
      "/css/colors/brown",
      "/hex/a52a2a"
    ]
  },
  "pairings": {
    "best": [
      "#FFFFFF",
      "#2BA6A6",
      "#A62B69",
      "#A6692B"
    ],
    "avoid": [
      "#8F4242",
      "#D45959"
    ],
    "neutral": [
      "#1A1A1A",
      "#F5F5F5",
      "#E8E8E4"
    ],
    "highContrast": [
      "#FFFFFF"
    ],
    "lowContrast": [
      "#D45959",
      "#8F4242"
    ]
  }
}

Color meaning and use

About Brown Color

Brown sits in the red family with warm temperature and balanced visual character. Standard CSS named color.

Its common associations include context dependent, which makes it relevant for web interfaces and design systems. In design work, Brown is most useful for web design, css color systems, and ui prototyping, especially when paired with white text for stronger contrast.

WCAG Accessibility

Contrast checks for Brown against black and white text.

Black text2.96:1AA Fail

White text7.09:1AA Pass

AA text options#FFFFFF, #F5F5F5

AAA text options#FFFFFF

Open WCAG pageDetailed contrast notes, warnings, alternatives, and UI examples

Similar Colors

Firebrick#B22222

Tool Red#B11226

Brick Red#8A3324

Burnt Umber#8A3324

Ruby Red#9B111E

Color Harmonies

#2BA6A6#2BA6A6

#A62B69#A62B69

#A6692B#A6692B

#2BA62B#2BA62B

#2B2BA6#2B2BA6

Open full Brown harmony pageComplementary, analogous, triadic, tetradic, split, and monochromatic sets

Variants

#D45959#D45959

#5D1818#5D1818

#BD1414#BD1414

#8F4242#8F4242

#CE8282#CE8282

#FA0000#FA0000

Pairings

White#FFFFFF

#2BA6A6#2BA6A6

#A62B69#A62B69

#A6692B#A6692B

Matte Black#1A1A1A

White Smoke#F5F5F5

Brown

CSS Utilities

Machine-Readable Color Data (JSON)

About Brown Color

Related Color Guides

WCAG Accessibility

Similar Colors

Color Harmonies

Variants

Pairings